Explosive-engine.



G. W. NYQUIST. EXPLOSIVE ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED FEB. 27. 1915.

Patented Aug. 14, 1917.

2 SHEETS-SHEETI G. W. NYQUIST. EXPLOSIVE ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED FEB. 2?, I9I5.

Patented Aug. 14, 1917.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2- insrr er TNT FlQ.

GU'STAF W. NYQUIST, OF MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA, ASSIGNOR TO ROTARY VALVE GAS ENGINE COMPANY, OF MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA, A CORPORATION.

EXPLOSIVE-ENGINE.

Lasarte.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 14:, 1917..

Application filed February 27, 1915.` Serial No. 10,888.

exhaust and intake passageways, respectively, in combination with a valve movable with the piston and moved by oscillation of the piston rod for opening and closing in timed sequences the interior of the cylinder to the said exhaust and intake passageways.

The full objects and advantages of my invention will appear in connection with the detailed description thereof and are par-V ticularly pointed-out in the claims.

In the drawings, illustrating the application of my invention in one form,- f

Figure 1 is a sectional view through the cylinder and piston along the length of the pin bywhich the V'connectingrod is secured to the piston. Fig.2 is a similar view taken at right angles to the connector pin. Fig. 3 is an enlarged part sectional fragmentary view of some of the parts shown in Fig. 2.a Fig. A is a sectional view on line 4.-/lof Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a sectional view on line 5-5 of Fig'. 1. Fig. 6 is a sectional viewy on line 6 6 of Fig. 1. Fig. 7 is an end' view of the valve-operating plate.

A cylinder 10, of usual form, having a water-jacket 11 VVhas cast around the intermediate portion thereof an annular exhaust passageway 12, and beneath that an annue lar intake passageway 13. Exhaust passageway 12 opens into the interior of cylinder through a series of ports (four in number, as shown) 14, which, as indicated in Figs. 1 and 2 at the left, connect with a depending channel 15 in front of passageway 13, which also opens throughout its length into the interior of cylinder'lOl.. The annular passageway 13, as clearly indicated in Fig. 6, opens into the interior of cylinder 10 through a series of ports 16 corresponding in number and alternatively disposed in respect to ports 14; and the ports 16, in connection with upwardly-extended channels 17, which are shown at vthe right in Figs. 1 and 2, open throughout their length into the interior of cylinder 10. A piston 18 is connected in the usual manner by pin 19 with pitman or piston rod 20. The piston is provided with a lower partition 21 and an upper partition 22 integrally connected with the side walls of the piston and spaced from one another. A tubular stem 23 connects the two partition walls, and extending between said steni and the side walls are a series of radial partitions 24E whereby the space between the partitions is divided into two sets of separated chambers 25 and 26. There are in the forni shown eight of such chambers. There are slotted openings 27 extending through the wall of the piston into chambers 25 and similar slotted openings 28 extending through the walls of the cylinder into chambers 26, as best indicated in Fig. 6. It is apparent, therefore, that the four chambers 25 are in communication through port openings 27, 16 and 17 with annular intake passageway 13. Likewise, the chambers 26 are in communication through port openings 28, 15 and 14 with annular exhaust passageways 12. Into each of the chambers 25 and 26 opens through the top partition 22 a port 29 of a shape and size clearly' indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 4l. A valve plate 30 rests upon the top of partition 22 and has a stem 31 extended through the tubular stem 23 and a plate 32 secured to the lower end of stem 31 by means of a nut 34: so as to engage with its inner surface the partition wall 21. The plate 32 is provided with four ports 35 symmetr-ically positioned thereon, each port being of the same size and shape as the chamber ports 29, as clearly indicated in Fig. 4:. The distance between ports 35 is such that when the same register with any four ports 29 the other four ports 29 will be covered by the disk 30, and in one position of the disk the ports will be out of register with any of the ports 29, for a purpose later to be described.

Plate 32 is fast on the stem 31 and in combination with means on the connecting rod has means whereby the disk 30 is given a step-by-step rotation to open and close communication between the inlet passageways 25 andthe exhaust passageways 26. As shown in Figs. 1 and 3, the hub or shank 36 of connecting rod 20 is provided with a pair of bosses 37 and 3S capped with plates 39 through which extend dogs 4:0 and 44 on cylindrical members 4l slidable in corresponding cavities 42 in the bosses 37 and 38, and being normally pressed outward by springs 43 seated in said cavities. The dogs The dog d() cooperates with a series of lugsV 47 'nearthe outside of plate `32, there being eight-otsuch lugs. The dog ael'coperates withfour lugs i8 upon plate 32, and nearer the axial center thereof. Having reference to Fig. 7, it will be noted-that the"eight lugs 4T are positioned in pairs, each pairl being symmetrically spaced in angular relationbetween pairs of lugs 18. -From this arrangement, and having reference to Fig. 3, it will be seen that the dogs 40 and ed, which reciprocate through a maximum distance,"are Vadapted to engage the lugs 47 and d8, yieldingso `as to pass over said lugs when moving -i-n one-direction and actuating the lug, and

with it the plate 32, so as to rotate stem 31 and valve plate 30 when moving in the oppositedirection. The pairs of lugs 47 are spaced sul'liciently close Vtogether so that such' pairs will be consecutively operated at each down stroke of the piston. The-spaces between such pairs aresuch that it would require two down strokes to pass across such spaces and effect actuation of the valve plate through 'the first of a succeeding pair of lugs; but on the intervening up stroke the luglS is engaged by the dog da and the valve actuated so that each down stroke'ot' the piston causes an actuation of the valve Y plate "30. Only alternate up `strokesfhowevery-cause actuation of the plate,v so that each` second up stroke results in compression of the charge to the pointof firing, wheirt'he succeeding down stroke actuates the valve plate to permit exhaust. This is made possible because of the fact, as above pointed out7 that there is a position of the valve plate 3Q such that the ports 35 are not in communication with any of ports 29.into

vthe"^exhaust and intake passageways.l

The operation of the device, .having reference Ato Fig. et, and bearing in mind that the usual: fourfcycle action takes place, is as foll`o\`vs: 'In the position of the valve shown in Fig. fl, a down stroke has taken place, resulting in the positioning of the parts so that ports 35 register with ports 29 "opening into exhaust passageways 26. Atthe next up stroke a reverse movement of dog` de will move ports 35 so as to regisvtions of the valve 35. falveis heldlxed'in'several positions.`

der will take place during downward movenient of the piston, which will result in sliit'tingf-rthe valve a further step where ports 35 will be out of register with any of :ports 29. During the next upward or compression stroke there will be no action, and compression and ring will take place followed by a further operation of the valve, upon the down" stroke opening the exhaust and completngthe cycle. Engaging` the plate. 32 are a series -of spring-held studs 49 which seatrin lsocketsfO'in the surface ofplate 32,"jthe 'sockets indicated in dotted'linesinFight corresponding in posi-tion tothe several'"successive posi- By this means-the It 4will' appai'ent'that my engine provides valve mechanism self-'contained inthe piston whereby the gasesmaybe fed to and exhausted fromthe'cylnder and thevalve operatedby' the oscillation offthe connector rod liub. l Thisnot only simpliiies the-'construction, but `renders'it certain and correct in action.

I claim:`

l. Anexplos'ive engine comprising aicylinder, a hollow piston having two sets of separateJchamhersfeach chamber-ot' each set opening through a separate Vport Vto the interior-of the cylinder, means to Vsupply 'explosive mixture to all of thechambers of one set and means to permit exhaust ofygases of combustion from all 'of thechambers of the other set, a valve having ports adapted to cooperate in succession with theseveral ports from the'chambei's of each set to eiect charging and exhaust ofsaid vcylinder in timed sequence when the valve is given a step'by step movement, and means for ef- :tectnig such step by stepl movement ofthe valve.

2. An explosive engine comprising a cylin* der, a. hollow piston having two Vsets of separate'chambers, each chamber of each set opening through a separate port to^the interior ofthe cylinder, means to supply plosive mixturev to all of the chambers of one set and means `to permit exhaust of gases of combustion from allot' the chambers ofthe otherK set, a valve having ports adapted to cooperate in succession with' the several ports from thechambers of each set' to effect charging and exhaust of said cylinder in timedV sequence when, the valve is given a step bystep movement, a connecting rod, and means actuated by said rod forgiving thevalve a step by step movement.

3. An explosive engi'necomprising a cylinder, a piston having separated chambers with ports opening througli=the ends thereof, means to supplylexplosive mixture to some Aof said chambers and to'permit exillu haust of gases of combustion from the other of said chambers, a valve for opening communication of said respective sets of chambers with the interior of the cylinder in properly timed sequence when said valve is given a step by step movement of equal extent for each step, but in a timed cycle wherein the time between movements of certain steps is longer than the time between movements of other steps, and means for giving the valve such a step by step movement.

4. An explosive engine comprising a cylin-V der, a piston having separated chambers with ports opening through the ends thereof, means to supply explosive mixture to some otsaid chambers and to permit exhaust of gases of combustion from the other of said chambers, a'rotary valve for opening communication of said respective sets of chambers with the interior of the cylinder in properly timed sequence when said valve is given a step by step movement of equal extent for each step, but in a timed cycle wherein the time between movements ot certain steps is longer than the time between movements of other steps, said valve having connected therewith a plate with two sets of lugs thereon, anda connecting rod having an extended hub with a pair of dogs engageable respectively each with a dierent set or' said lugs whereby oscillation of said dogs by the connecting rod causes said dogs to engage such lugs alternately part of the time and part of the time successively by one of said dogs to rotate the plate and valve by uniform steps and unequally timed by said steps, as stated.

5. An explosive engine comprising a cylinder, a piston in the form of a cylinder having its interior divided into two sets of separated chambers, each chamber of each set opening from the end of said piston to the interior of the cylinder, means to supply explosive mixture to one set of said chambers and means to permit exhaust of gases lof combustion from the other set of said chambers, a disk valve resting upon the top of thepiston Vand adapted to open and close communication of said respective sets of chambers with the interior of the cylinder in timed sequence, a stem connected with said disk valve Vand extending to the lower side of the piston, a plate on the stem having a series of lugs, a connecting rod having a hub, and a dog on the hub cooperating with said lugs to operate the valve through oscillation of said hub.

6. An explosive engine comprising a cylinder, a piston having sets of separated chambers each chamber of each set opening from the end of the piston into the interior of the cylinder, means to supply explosive mixture to one of said sets of chambers and to permit exhaust of gases of combustion from the other of said sets of chambers, a disk valve I resting upon the top of the piston and adapted to open and close communication of said respective sets of chambers with the interior of the cylinder in timed sequence, a stem connected with said disk valve and extending to the lower side of the piston, a plate on the stem having a series of lugs, a connecting rod having a hub, and a dog on the hub coperating with said lugs to operate the valve through oscillation of said hub.

7. An explosive engine comprising a cylinder, va piston having sets of separated chambers each chamber of each set opening from the end of the piston into the interior of the cylinder, means to supply explosive mixture to one of said sets of chambers and to permit exhaust of gases of combustion from the other of said sets of chambers, a disk valve resting upon the top of the piston and adapted to open and close communication of said respective sets of chambers with the interior of the cylinder in timed sequence, a stem connected with said disk valve and extending to the lower side of jthe piston, a plate on the stem having a it. i

series of lugs, a connecting rod having a hub, and spring-actuated dogs on the hub cooperating with said lugs to operate the valve through oscillation of said hub.

8. An explosive engine comprising a cylinder, a piston having sets of separated chambers each chamber of each set opening from the endetl the piston into the interior of the cylinder, means to supply explosive mixture to one of said sets of chambers and to permit exhaust of gases of combustion from the other of said sets of chambers, a disk valve resting upon the top of the piston and adapted to open and close communication of said respective sets of chambers with the interior of the cylinder in timed sequence, a stem connected with said disk valve and extending to the lower sidevof the piston, a plate on the stem having two sets of lugs, a connecting rod having a hub, and a pair oi". dogs on the hub on opposite sides of the axis of the stem each dog cooperating with one set of said lugs to operate the valve through oscillation of said hub.

9. An explosive engine comprising a cylinder, a piston having sets of separated chambers each chamber of each set opening from the end of the piston into the interior of the cylinder', means to supply explosive mixture to one of said sets of chambers and to permit exhaust of gases of combustion from the other of said sets of chambers, a disk valve resting upon the top of the piston and adapted to open and close communication of said respective sets of chambers with the interior of the cylinder in timed sequence, a stem connected with said disk valve and extending t-o the lower side of the lll@ piston, a platel on .thestem having two `sets of lugs, a connecting-rod having a hub, and a pair of dogs on the hub on opposite sides of the axis ofthe stem eachdog cooperating with one set of said lugs to operate the valve through oscillation of said hub, said dogs both-,acting Yto turn thevalve always in the same direction.

l0.. An explosive .engine,comprising a cylinder, apiston in theform of ai cylinder having its interior divided into` a multiplicity of radially arranged chambers said cham.- bers being, divided into, two sets the members ol each set 4alternatingfwith those of the other set, means to supply explosive rmixture to one set of said chambers and to permit the exhaust of gases of combustion from the other set of said chambers,` a valve rfor opening communication or' said respective sets of chambers fromA the interior oi" the chamber in timed sequence, and means for operating thevalve.

ll. An explosive engine comprising a cylinder having an annular exhaust passageway and an annular inlet passageway, a piston in the form of a cylinder having its interior divided into a multiplicity of radiallyv arranged chambers said chambers being divided into two sets the members of each set alternating with thoseof the other set and the members of one set being in communication with the exhaust passageway and the members ofthe other set being in communication with the inlet passageway, each of said chambers `being provided with an opening through the inner end Vof the piston to the interior of the cylinder, a disk valve upon the end of the piston and movable therewith'for opening and closi 1g the respective sets of openings in timed Sequence, and means to operate the valve.

`12.- An explosive engine comprising a cylinder, a piston in the form of a cylinder having its interior divided into a multiplicity oi" radially arranged chambers said chambers being' divided into two sets the members ofeach set alternating with those of the other set, and each of said chambers opening through the end of the piston to theinterior of the cylinder, means to supply explosive mixtureto one set of said chambers and to permit the exhaust of gases ofcombustion fromthebther setof said chambers,a disk valve resting'upon the top of the npiston and` over said openings and having therein a seriesy of openings such that operation. of the valve will Vopen and close communication of said respective sets of chambers with the interior of the cylinder in `timed sequence, a stem connected. with said disk .valve-and extending to the-lower side of the piston, a plate on thestemhaving twosets of lugs, a connecting rod hav,- ing a hub, and a pair of dogs on the hub on opposite: sidesyof theaxis of the stem each dog coperating` with one setti-said lugs to operate the valvethrough;oscillation of said hub, said dogs both acting to .turn the Valve-.always in thesame'direction.

13. An explosive engine comprising a cylinder, a piston havingfsets.ofseparated chambers ,each set openingl from theend of the piston into theinterior of .thecylindelg meansato ,supply explosive mixture to one ofsaidfsets of chambers` and to permit exhaust of gases of combustion from` the other of said sets of chambers, a` disk valve resting upon the top of the piston and adapted toopen andclose communication of said respective sets of chamberswitlrthe interior of the cylinder in timed sequence, a stem connected .with said disk valve and extending to the lower side oit-,the piston, a plate on the stem havingA two-sets of lugs, a connecting vrod having a hub,V and ,a pair of dogs on the hub on opposite sidesof the axis of the stem each dog.- coperating with one set of said lugs to operate thevalve through oscillation of4 said hub, the number of lugs in each set and their relative position, on the disk being such that eachdown stroke of the piston causes operation of the valve through engagement of one dog with'its .set of lugs, while each alternate. .up stroke of thepiston operates the. valvethrough engagement of the otherv dog with its` set of` lugs, the inoperative up stroke permitting Vcompression of explosive V4'mixture in the cylinder.

Intestimony. whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.` Y

GUSTAF W. NYQUIST. lVitnesses:

F..A. WHITELEY, H. A. BowMAN.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by Aaddressing the Gom-missionerof Patents,

Washington, IJ. C. 

